{"id":1022,"date":"2020-11-14T14:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-11-14T13:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klodzinskikancelaria.pl\/?p=1022"},"modified":"2026-07-21T11:03:31","modified_gmt":"2026-07-21T11:03:31","slug":"czym-jest-zasiedzenie-nieruchomosci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/klodzinskikancelaria.pl\/en\/what-is-adverse-possession-of-real-estate\/","title":{"rendered":"What is adverse possession of real estate?"},"content":{"rendered":"&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<details style=\"font-size: small;\" open=\"\"><summary>\ud83d\udccbContents<\/summary>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"#h-zasiedzenie-nieruchomo-ci-kiedy-do-tego-dochodzi\">Adverse possession of real estate. When does this happen?<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"#h-w-asno-a-posiadanie\">Property and possession<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"#h-zasiedzenie-nieruchomo-ci-czas-trwania\">Adverse possession of real estate. Duration<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"#h-zasiedzenie-prawa-u-ytkowania-wieczystego\">Usucaption of the right of perpetual usufruct<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/details>\r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Adverse possession of real estate <\/strong>(in. acquisitive prescription) is one of the ways of acquiring ownership, regulated in Book Two of the Civil Code (k.c.) \u2013 ownership and other property rights. The provisions concerning acquisitive prescription can be found in Articles 172\u2013176 of the k.c.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">This form is not a particularly popular way of acquiring ownership, at the forefront of which is certainly the transfer of ownership, i.e. a sales contract. Adverse possession, as the name itself may suggest, is the acquisition of ownership as a result of its continuous possession. To carry out the action of adverse possession, an application must be lodged with the court for adverse possession, preferably with the help of a legal advisor, so as not to have to worry about formalities.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-zasiedzenie-nieruchomo-ci-kiedy-do-tego-dochodzi\">Adverse possession of real estate. When does this happen?<\/h2>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">Down <strong>adverse possession of real estate<\/strong> This most often occurs in cases of improper transfer of ownership. The transfer of ownership of real estate must be in the form of a notarial deed, otherwise the law provides for its invalidity (Art. 158 of the Civil Code in conjunction with Art. 73 \u00a72 of the Civil Code), yet cases still occur, e.g. of real estate sales through an oral agreement, which cannot subsequently be entered into the land and mortgage register of the property, and the possessor of the given property is unable to verify this, thus remaining under the mistaken belief that they can fully use the property. Another situation in which acquisition by prescription may occur is the owner's lack of interest in the property, which will be discussed later, in the context of acquiring ownership of property in bad faith.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Example: <\/strong>Marian B., together with his neighbour Krzysztof R., entered into an oral agreement for the sale of land located between their plots for PLN 50,000. The money was paid, but Marian B. was still registered as the owner in the land and mortgage register. Only their wives were aware of this fact. Marian B.'s son planted an orchard on the plot after his father's death. After 20 years, the son of the now deceased Krzysztof R. learned about the sale of the property and that the plot belonged to him by virtue of the oral agreement. Marian B.'s son, after consulting a lawyer, filed a motion with the court for acquisitive prescription of the plot with the orchard, as he had been growing fruit trees on it for 20 years and was in good faith at the commencement of the acquisitive prescription period, as his father was listed as the owner in the land and mortgage register.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Real estate <\/strong>in the light of the provisions of the Civil Code (Article 46 of the Civil Code) they are <strong>land <\/strong>(parts of the Earth's surface that constitute a separate object of ownership), <strong>buildings permanently attached to the ground <\/strong>(the landowner owns the building erected on it \u2013 this is the most common case; a building erected on land granted under perpetual usufruct from Art. 235 \u00a72 of the Civil Code will not be such a building) and <strong>premises <\/strong>(parts of buildings permanently connected to the ground, e.g. a dwelling - a flat). Article 46<sup>1 <\/sup>The Civil Code still regulates agricultural real estate, which I will not be dealing with in this article, however.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">Legal definition <strong>adverse possession of real estate <\/strong>contains Article 172(1) of the Civil Code \u2013 \"A possessor of immoveable property, who is not its owner, shall acquire ownership if they have possessed the immoveable property continuously for twenty years as the sole possessor, unless they obtained possession in bad faith\". This is a fairly comprehensive definition, but it seems to be not very understandable.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-w-asno-a-posiadanie\">Property and possession<\/h2>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">Breaking down this definition, we initially have a \"holder of property who is not its owner.\" This is a very important aspect of property law \u2013 ownership is not synonymous with possession, but not everyone realises this.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Property <\/strong>(pour. <em>proprietas<\/em>is the fundamental proprietary right that authorises the owner to enjoy and dispose of a thing to the fullest extent possible, to the exclusion of all others. It is regulated in Article 140 of the Civil Code. It is a right that is binding <em>erga omnes <\/em>\u2013 towards all, this means that no one can unlawfully infringe upon the things that constitute my property (otherwise, with contracts which are binding <em>inter partes <\/em>\u2013 meaning only the parties to this agreement are obliged to comply with them). The owner has the right to maximum use of the subject of their ownership. Ownership is associated with many rights:<\/p>\r\n \r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n \t<li><em>jus disponendi <\/em>\u2013 the right to dispose of the thing to the exclusion of other persons (as already mentioned). Disposal can be understood as the transfer of ownership (e.g., sale), encumbering it with another right (e.g., mortgage, pledge), or taking actions that result in some obligations (e.g., leasing, renting out), etc.;<\/li>\r\n \t<li><em>jus possidendi <\/em>\u2013 the right to own things (as discussed below);<\/li>\r\n \t<li><em>jus fruendi <\/em>\u2013 the right to collect its fruits. Fruits in the meaning of Art. 53 of the Civil Code \u2013 \u00a71 natural fruits are (mainly) its products, e.g. apples from the owner's orchard; \u00a72 \u2013 civil fruits are revenues that a given thing generates, e.g. rent from a lease agreement. In short, fruits are the goods that a given thing produces, and the owner has the right to them;<\/li>\r\n \t<li><em>jus abutendi <\/em>\u2013 the right to actual possession of the thing, e.g., they can destroy it. However, all these rights do not mean the owner's absolute right to use the thing. The Civil Code, from the very first article on ownership (i.e., from art. 140), limits them \u2013 \"within the limits defined by laws and the principles of social coexistence, the owner may (...) use the thing in accordance with the socio-economic purpose of their right (...)\". Precisely these fragments indicate that the owner cannot entirely do as they please with their thing, but only in a way that is within the limits of the law (e.g., they cannot use the thing to commit a crime) and the principles of social coexistence (e.g., the prohibition of direct immissions \u2013 such as pouring sewage onto an adjacent plot \u2013 and the limitation of indirect immissions specified in art. 144 of the Civil Code \u2013 e.g., producing barbecue smoke that drifts onto a higher balcony).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Possession <\/strong>(pour. <em>possessio<\/em>is regulated in Polish law by articles 336 to 352 of the Civil Code \u2013 actual possession of a thing. Two types of possession are distinguished:<\/p>\r\n \r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n \t<li>Actual possession (Art. 336, para. 1) \u2013 the factual control of a thing as an owner. According to the Supreme Court ruling of 8 August 2012, file reference I CSK 387\/12, actual possession is \u201cthe exercise of factual control over a thing combined with the will to maintain that control and the continuity of possession\u201d. This prerequisite for acquiring ownership by prescription is absolutely essential, as also emphasised by the Supreme Court in the aforementioned ruling.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Dependant possession \u2013 actual control of a thing on behalf of another person (in Article 336, second sentence of the Civil Code: \"like a usufructuary, pledgee, tenant, lessee, or someone with another right which involves dominion over another's property\").<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">Possession is associated with two concepts that are inherent in determining its existence, and these are:<\/p>\r\n \r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n \t<li><em>corpus <\/em>\u2013 this is linked to the actual possession of an item \u2013 the person physically \u201cholds\u201d it;<\/li>\r\n \t<li><em>animus <\/em>\u2013 the intention to possess the thing for oneself (its absence means detention under Art. 338 of the Civil Code \u2013 not to be confused with tenancy; a detainer will be, for example, a custodian of the thing).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Property<\/strong> It is a right far broader than possession, very often ownership absorbs possession \u2013 an example could be using a phone that you bought yourself (the sales contract transfers ownership to the buyer), and you can only use it through possession of that phone (actually having it with you).<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The owner is not always the possessor simultaneously. One can also, for example, rent out their property \u2013 renting out a phone to someone for a week does not mean that, by not having it with them, the person ceases to be the owner, because they still have rights to it \u2013 to derive benefits, in this case rent.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/klodzinskikancelaria.pl\/en\/commercial-premises-lease-agreement-everything-you-need-to-know-alphabetically\/\">Lease agreement<\/a><\/strong> phone constitutes <em>Right to dispose<\/em>This is also why it is worthwhile for long-term possessors in good faith to acquire ownership through prescription, and consequently, to gain ownership. As a result, that person will begin to receive many more benefits and a broader scope of property protection than possession protection.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">It is therefore clear why, in order to become the owner of a property through prescription, one must possess it for a considerable period and what the difference is between possession and ownership. One must also be an independent possessor, which has also been explained, meaning to rule over the thing as an owner, for one's own use. This means that under no circumstances will a dependent possessor (detainer) ever be able to acquire the thing through prescription.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-zasiedzenie-nieruchomo-ci-czas-trwania\">Adverse possession of real estate. Duration<\/h2>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">It has been explained above that in order to acquire property through prescription, one must possess it continuously and in good faith. The Civil Code, of course, explicitly states how long the prescription period lasts. If this were not the case, it could last indefinitely, and the interested party would ultimately never acquire ownership \u2013 in other words, without time limits specified in the law, the institution of prescription would not exist. So, what are the prescription periods in Polish law? It is not simple to determine this in reality, as the court must examine all evidence itself and determine whether the plaintiff is in <strong>good <\/strong>Whether <strong>bad faith<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Good faith \u2013 20 years: <\/strong>owner of the property, located in <strong>good faith, <\/strong>may apply for ownership rights to the property after the expiry of <strong>Twenty years <\/strong>its possession in good faith (Art. 172 \u00a71 of the Civil Code). What does this \"good faith\" mean? The Supreme Court best explained this in its ruling of 02.07.2015, reference number V CSK 625\/14 \u2013 \"good faith is an erroneous but justified belief of the possessor of the property that they are entitled to the right they are exercising.\" In other words, the person in possession of the property did not know that the property did not belong to them and exercised full diligence to find out about it (e.g., the land and mortgage register did not reflect a change of ownership due to an administrative error, and the person in possession of the property could not have found out about it for a justified reason). There is a presumption of good faith for the possessor of real property, which can be rebutted by any person with a legal interest. This is due to Art. 7 of the Civil<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Example: <\/strong>Mariusz M. had been using a holiday plot of land by Lake Zegrzy\u0144ski, with access to water, for 27 years. He came every weekend to fish. He considered himself the owner of this plot, carrying out all necessary work to keep the property in the best possible condition \u2013 he mowed the grass, trimmed bushes, and planted more. This plot was supposed to belong to his father, who had died 27 years ago. However, he didn't know that his father had been using this plot \"illegally\" without ownership title. Nevertheless, long before his father's death, they had jointly placed a caravan, a fence, and built a small jetty on the shore. Mariusz M. decided to sell the plot and went to a real estate agent, only to find out there that the plot did not belong to him, but to Roman M., a close cousin of his father, who had shown no interest in the property all these years. Mariusz M. filed a motion with the court to acquire ownership of the plot through adverse possession, having possessed it in good faith for 27 years.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Bad faith \u2013 30 years: <\/strong>the holder of the property acquires ownership of the property after expiry <strong>30 years<\/strong>, even if they are acting in bad faith (Article 172 \u00a72 of the Civil Code). A person acting in bad faith is someone who knows that a given property does not belong to them and they do not have the rights to it, yet they use it as an independent possessor. The legislator agrees to such an eventuality because they believe that the owner should take an interest in their properties and it is they who should interrupt the running of the prescription period.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">If the owner has done nothing about the existing state of affairs for 30 years to regain the possibility of owning the property, it can be presumed that they simply do not want to change it and want to get rid of the property. According to the Supreme Court's ruling of 14 March 2017, file reference II CSK 463\/16, \"not in good faith is he who exercises a right which he knows he does not have, but also he who is unaware of it, provided that with due diligence he could have learned about the actual legal situation.\"<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">Therefore, to be in good faith, it is not enough to simply not be aware that the property in question does not belong to the person concerned, but one must also verify this \u2013 i.e. exercise due diligence, for example, by checking the land and mortgage register. A legal advisor can help you with this to be sure that everything has been thoroughly analysed.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Example: <\/strong>Dariusz P. used his neighbour Marcin K.'s plot of land, which was a meadow and not a building plot due to its poor terrain. Dariusz P. grazed his cows there and treated the property almost as his own. He planted several apple trees on it and harvested hay during the summer. He knew it was not his property, but he treated it as his own, especially since Marcin K. was not interested in the plot, as he considered it wasteland. After 30 years, Dariusz P. filed an application with the court for adverse possession of the property.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">Article 176 of the Civil Code also regulates the issue of transferring possession. The new possessor of the item can add the predecessor's period of possession to their own period for the usucaption to run. However, if the predecessor obtained possession in bad faith, their period, together with the current possessor's period, can only be summed up if it amounts to at least 30 years. This provision also applies to the heirs of the previous possessor.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The period for acquiring ownership by prescription also differs when the owner of the property against whom the prescription period is running is a minor (Art. 173 of the Civil Code). Prescription cannot end earlier than two years from the owner reaching the age of majority (meaning that under Polish law, the owner must be at least 20 years old for a possessor to acquire ownership of the property by prescription). This is due to their protection, as minors are often unaware of their rights and it cannot be expected that they would be. Such a person also lacks full legal capacity and cannot appear in court without a legal representative. They cannot, by themselves, make decisions about their property.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The assessment of good faith lies within the purview of the court. After a specified period has elapsed, the interested party must meticulously present evidence supporting the passage of the necessary prescriptive period and the feasibility of the act itself. It is also important that <strong>The period of limitation has not been interrupted. <\/strong>(art. 123 of the Civil Code in conjunction with art. 175 of the Civil Code), e.g. by taking court proceedings by the owner of the immovable property against its independent possessors<em>rei vindicatio <\/em>\u2013 a vindicatory action to restore his actual possession of the thing under Article 222 \u00a71 of the Civil Code). In such a case, after the court case is concluded, the period of prescription will not run at all or will start running anew.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Example: <\/strong>Agnieszka A. used her neighbour Monika B.'s plot of land for 10 years. She planted flowers and tended to the garden. Monika B. eventually filed a lawsuit against her to reclaim possession of the plot, and at that point, the statute of limitations for adverse possession was interrupted. If Agnieszka wanted to restart the period for adverse possession, those 10 years would not count towards this new period.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">In order to qualify for adverse possession, must a particular belief persist throughout the entire period? Many Supreme Court rulings suggest that this is not the case, and <strong>possession is established at the moment of acquiring independent possession (commencement of the running of prescription)<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">Here are a few of them: Supreme Court resolution of 2 July 2015, ref. no. V CSK 625\/14 \"In cases of acquisitive prescription, the decisive moment for assessing the good or bad faith of the de facto possessor of real estate is the moment of acquiring possession of the real estate. Subsequent changes in the possessor's state of mind are irrelevant to this assessment and, consequently, to the duration of possession required for acquiring ownership through acquisitive prescription, which is confirmed by the grammatical interpretation of Article 172(1) of the Civil Code, where the law emphasises the moment of acquiring possession.\"; Supreme Court judgment of 14 November 2013, ref. no. II CNP 15\/13 \"For assessing the good or bad faith of the possessor, the moment of taking possession of the real estate is crucial, especially when they are seeking acquisitive prescription of the real estate; subsequent bad faith of the possessor, even if there were grounds for it, is no longer relevant.\"; Supreme Court judgment of 5 January 2011, ref. no. III CSK 72\/10 \"Whether real estate is possessed in bad faith or good faith is determined by the state of mind at the moment of taking possession of the real estate.\" Therefore, doctrine is in agreement \u2013 good or bad faith at the moment of entering into de facto possession affects the entire period of acquisitive prescription.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Example: <\/strong>Ewelina J. and her husband bought a plot of land in Tczew. They fenced the plot, in accordance with the plot plan drawn up by a surveyor, creating a large garden at the back of the house. Ten years later, they decided to build a tennis court at the back instead of a garden and start a business. At the town hall, it turned out that the garden did not belong to them, the surveyor had made a mistake, and the owner was Rados\u0142aw B. Ewelina J. approached the owner of the plot fragment with a request to buy it. However, Rados\u0142aw B. did not respond; it turned out he had not lived in Poland for a long time but had not changed his registered address. After another 10 years passed with no response from Rados\u0142aw B., they decided to file a motion with the court for adverse possession of the plot based on their 20 years of continuous possession, starting the period of possession in good faith (due to the surveyor's error).<\/p>\r\n \r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-zasiedzenie-prawa-u-ytkowania-wieczystego\"><strong>Usucaption of the right of perpetual usufruct<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Perpetual usufruct right<\/strong> This right of use applies to certain State Treasury lands or lands belonging to local government units and their associations, for both natural persons and legal entities (Art. 232 of the Civil Code). It is established by applying the provisions concerning the transfer of ownership (most often by way of an agreement \u2013 a notarial deed; Art. 234 of the Civil Code).<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">Perpetual usufruct is established for a period of between 40 and 99 years, with the option of renewal for a further period of between 40 and 99 years (Article 236 of the Civil Code). Buildings and other structures\u00a0 which the perpetual usufructuary has erected on the land, are their property; however, this right is  linked to the perpetual usufruct, which means that upon the termination of the perpetual usufruct, the  right of ownership also expires (Article 235 of the Civil Code).<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">This right can be acquired by prescription. It is directed only against the perpetual usufructuary, not the landowner. Furthermore, only a previously established right can be acquired by prescription, not a future right. In order to acquire it by prescription, the interested party must use the object of perpetual usufruct as a perpetual usufructuary and a period of 20 or 30 years must pass (depending on whether the use began in good faith or bad faith). Through the acquisition of perpetual usufruct by prescription, the ownership of buildings erected on the land granted for perpetual usufruct can also be acquired.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Example: <\/strong>Halina G. had a sister, Anna G., who was the perpetual usufructuary of land located in Swarz\u0119dz. The contract was signed for a period of 99 years. After 15 years, she moved to Germany for work and handed over the land, along with the building she had constructed, to her sister. Anna G. used the property as the perpetual usufructuary, and after 30 years, she filed a lawsuit for acquisitive prescription of the perpetual usufruct and ownership of the building against Halina G.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">It is also possible to acquire ownership of real estate through adverse possession, which has been granted as perpetual usufruct to a third party \u2013 Supreme Court Resolution of 9 December 2016, Ref. No. III CZP 57\/16; Supreme Court Decision of 30 May 2017, Ref. No. IV CSK 414\/15 \"an independent possessor of real estate granted as perpetual usufruct may acquire its ownership through adverse possession\". This means that if a person uses real estate as an independent possessor for the required period, and someone else has perpetual usufruct of it, they may acquire its ownership through adverse possession.<\/p>\r\n \r\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Adverse possession of real estate<\/strong> It is one of the ways to acquire ownership. If you believe you have the right to acquire property through adverse possession, and you meet the conditions for it, but you are not sure how to proceed, it is worth visiting a legal advisor's office, as these are often not as simple matters as they may seem.<\/p>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-left kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;1022&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Rate this post&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;0\\\/5 - (0 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Czym jest zasiedzenie nieruchomo\u015bci?&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 0px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            <span class=\"kksr-muted\">Rate this post<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n    <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Usucaption of real estate (including the right of antique) is one of the possibilities of acquiring ownership, regulated in Book Two of the Civil Code (CC) - ownership and other property rights. The provisions regarding adverse possession can be found in articles 172 \u2013 176 of the Civil Code<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1023,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"uslugi-categories":[],"class_list":["post-1022","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-prawo-cywilne"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.10 (Yoast SEO v23.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Czym jest zasiedzenie nieruchomo\u015bci? 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